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Actual state of European wetlands and their possible future in the context of global climate change

机译：全球气候变化背景下欧洲湿地的实际状况及其可能的未来

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[EN] The present area of European wetlands is only a fraction of their area before the start of large-scale human colonization of Europe. Many European wetlands have been exploited and managed for various purposes. Large wetland areas have been drained and reclaimed mainly for agriculture and establishment of human settlements. These threats to European wetlands persist. The main responses of European wetlands to ongoing climate change will vary according to wetland type and geographical location. Sea level rise will probably be the decisive factor affecting coastal wetlands, especially along the Atlantic coast. In the boreal part of Europe, increased temperatures will probably lead to increased annual evapotranspiration and lower organic matter accumulation in soil. The role of vast boreal wetlands as carbon sinks may thus be suppressed. In central and western Europe, the risk of floods may support the political will for ecosystem-unfriendly flood defence measures, which may threaten the hydrology of existing wetlands. Southern Europe will probably suffer most from water shortage, which may strengthen the competition for water resources between agriculture, industry and settlements on the one hand and nature conservancy, including wetland conservation, on the other. © 2011 Springer Basel AG.
机译：[EN]欧洲湿地的当前面积只是欧洲大规模人类殖民开始之前的一小部分。许多欧洲湿地已被开发和管理用于各种目的。大量的湿地已被排干并开垦，主要用于农业和人类住区的建立。这些对欧洲湿地的威胁持续存在。欧洲湿地对持续的气候变化的主要反应将因湿地类型和地理位置而异。海平面上升可能是影响沿海湿地（尤其是大西洋沿岸）的决定性因素。在欧洲的北方地区，温度升高可能会导致每年的蒸散量增加以及土壤中有机质的积累降低。因此，可以抑制广阔的北方湿地作为碳汇的作用。在中欧和西欧，洪水的风险可能会支持针对生态系统不友好的防洪措施的政治意愿，这可能会威胁到现有湿地的水文状况。南欧可能最受缺水之苦，一方面可能会加剧农业，工业和居民点之间的水资源竞争，另一方面可能会加剧包括湿地保护在内的自然保护。 ©2011 Springer Basel AG。

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